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Cowpeas are high in iron (Fe), potassium (P), vitamin B9, it is rich in fiber, protein (up to 24%), low in fat and high in various amino acids. Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] is an important crop for smallholder farmers in the marginal areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Cowpea has played a very important role in Africa on many regards. Hunter-gatherers of the time saw potential in the humble pulse and turned their efforts to making the cowpea one of Africa’s first domesticated crops. is indigenous to Africa. Cowpea is a food and animal feed crop grown in the semi-arid tropics covering Africa, Asia, Europe, the United States, and Central and South America. In South Africa cowpeas are produced in the North West, Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces. (Shangaan), imbumba (Zulu), monawa or nawa (Pedi) and dinawa (Tswana).Cowpeas Estimating world cowpea production is rather difficult, as it is usually grown in a mixture with other crops, but accor… Nigeria is the largest producer and consumer of cowpea with about 5 million ha and over 2 million t production during 2003. The cowpea project will work against three time horizons: short (1–3 years), medium (4–7 years) and long–term (7–10 years). The objective of this study was to evaluate cowpea collections using agronomic traits to select promising parents to develop breeding population. The TSC decided that project Cowpea, popularly known as blackeye pea, is an important grain legume in South Africa and many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. For example, Amatobi (1994), Karungi at al. is a protein-rich bean crop that leaves nitrogen in the soil and Cowpeas can be planted as an intercrop or in rotation and can tolerate drought. 7. Singh, a visiting scholar and cowpea breeder with the Texas A&M soil and crop sciences department in College Station. Simply let us know what you are looking for and we will try our best to help you. Field experiments were conducted at the Agricultural Research Council–Roodeplaat Vegetable and Ornamental Plant Institute in South Africa, in 2011 and 2012, to estimate the level of phenotypic variability among a collection of 25 cowpea genotypes. It is estimated that the annual world cowpea crop is about 12,5 million ha of which the total grain production (for food) is 3 million tons. Ghana plans to release GM cowpea sometime this year or next, which would make it the third sub-Saharan African country after South Africa and Nigeria to approve local production and sale of GM food. cowpea, except the pods, are utilized for animal fodder. It is then left to ferment. The majority of the seed planted by farmers is sourced from on … 1. It originated in Southern Africa and the cultivated form was domesticated in West Africa. However, the crop growth and production are affected by low soil fertility due to poor soil management practices. Twenty-two cowpea genotypes were field evaluated using a randomised complete block design with three replications in two locations in South Africa. The attributes of Cowpea The trading of seeds and processed foods from cowpea provides both urban and rural opportunities for earning regular income. (IPM CRSP, 2000). What worries some critics is that all of Africa’s genetic modification projects are closely tied to Western organizations. These are some of the major and important pests of cowpea : Cowpea is attacked by various Insect pests, during different phases of its lifecycle even down to storage. Results showed that thrips, pod sucking bugs and legume pod borer are the key pests that limit cowpea production. Cowpeas are also planted as animal feed - such as hay production and to make silage. (2000) and Kyamanywa (1996) all reported that thrips are one of the yield limiting pests to cowpea production. The climbing type is better suited for forage or as cover crop. Cowpea is grown in millions of smallholder farms in the drier zones of Africa, forming a great arc stretching from Senegal to Sudan and Somalia and southward to Zimbabwe, Botswana and Mozambique. People consume cowpea … Exact figures for cowpea production are hard to come up with as it is not a major export crop. the region. In Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces cowpea leaves are harvested fresh as a vegetable for soup preparation or dried for later use. With the ability to farm, African people began to develop booming societies. Please turn on JavaScript and try again. [ 2 ] who reported the area under legume in some parts of Makueni County ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 ha. Cowpea. This is consistent with findings of other authors elsewhere in Africa. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. The leaves can be dried and used as a meat substitute. Cowpeas can produce good yields of high-quality dry matter. Infor-mation on cropping systems, cultural practices, con-straints to production, utilization and benefits would help to formulate breeding objectives and make decisions for the improvement of cowpea… Under dryland conditions, yields of cowpea forage 2 to 3 ton of dry matter/ha, but yields of up to 8 t DM/ha that have been recorded in irrigated areas. Activities in the Nigerian cowpea grain shed, the Senegalese grain shed, and in eastern and southern Africa will be considered as venues for project activities. Cowpea is a major food legume and a source of dietary protein for masses in Africa, Asia and South America, according to Dr. B.B. Cowpea plays an important role in the traditional diets in many regions of the world, especially Asia, Africa, and South America, which include most of the world's developing countries. The … However, farmers in South Africa currently lack good seed for planting and experience very low cowpea grain yields. West and Central Africa are the leading cowpea producing regions in the world producing 64% of the estimated 3 million tons of cowpea seed. About one kilogram cowpeas is a full meal. Nigeria is the world’s leading cowpea producing country, followed by Brazil. The grain provides valuable protein and the leaves are used as a nutritious vegetable. well adapted to the semi-arid and tropics. This is a major constraint to Cowpea production especially in West Africa, because their damage can be as high as 80-100% if not well managed. Cowpea is one of the key food sources in the arid, semi-arid and tropical parts of Asia, Oceania, southern Europe, Africa, southern United States and Central and South America . Production areas in South Africa Cowpea is grown in the following provinces: Limpopo, Gauteng, Mpumalanga, North West and KwaZulu-Natal. It may be erect, trailing, climbing or bushy, usually indeterminate under favourable conditions. the aboveground plant parts of cowpea, except the pods, are utilized for animal fodder. It is then cooked with other vegetables to make a thick soup, or ground into a meal or paste. Cowpea also has different seed coat colors such as black, red, and cream. Cowpeas can be cooked or either steamed after soaking in water overnight. Made in South Africa Cowpeas Directory - Offering Wholesale South African Cowpeas from South Africa Cowpeas Manufacturers, Suppliers and Distributors at TradeKey.com Its production has spread to East and Central Africa, India, Asia, South and Central America. Cowpeas are also known as swartbekboontjie (Afrikaans), dinawe (Ndebele), dinaba (Shangaan), imbumba (Zulu), monawa or nawa (Pedi) and dinawa (Tswana). focus of the project. Cowpeas are cultivated predominantly in Africa and are grown for food, fodder and green manure.Cowpea production has expanded in the world over the past decades ().In 2017, over 87% of the crop was produced in Africa ().In South America, Brazil showed a recent increase in cowpea cultivation, placing the country in third place in terms of global area and production. First, cowpea originates in Africa and is a very popular crop on the continent. Although the centre of domestication for cowpea is uncertain, all evidence points to its originating in Africa. It is the most planted native legume in sub-Saharan Africa … Description Cowpea is an annual summer leguminous plant with varying growth forms. Important producers in Southern Africa are Botswana, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The green seeds are sometimes roasted like peanuts and these are then used as a substitute for coffee. 200 million people in Africa consume cowpea. Ground dried seeds mixed with onions and spices can be fried in oil. Unfortunately, we do not have Overview data related to Cowpea in South Africa at the moment, but we may be able to help you find the data that you need. It is important because it serves as a source of nutrients for human and as fodder for animals and its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen enhances soil fertility. South Africa Online (Pty) Ltd. SouthAfrica.co.za. Cowpeas can be planted as an intercrop or in rotation and can tolerate drought. Fresh, immature pods may be boiled as a vegetable. the cowpea production areas of South Africa mainly Lim-popo, Kwazulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces. Cowpeas can be planted for hay production and the hay can be sold. Ethiopia, Central, Southern and West Africa have all been considered probable centres of domestication. Please enable scripts and reload this page. Small-scale farmers grow cowpea intercropped with maize, millet, sorghum, sugar cane and cotton. Its production Cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata) is indigenous to Africa and is planted for human consumption and animal fodder. “Cowpea is a food and animal feed crop grown in the semi-arid tropics particularly the savannahs of West Africa but also other parts of Africa, Asia and the Americas. All Rights Reserved. In Australia and Asia cowpeas are primarily planted for fodder but also as a cover crop or as green manure to enrich the soil with nitrogen and nitrogen-fixing microbes. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), is a food and animal feed crop grown in the semi-arid tropics covering Africa, Asia, Europe, United States and Central and South America. The use of resistant cultivars is among the best management option for this pest, but the success of this strategy is influenced by the stability of the resistant genotype to the cowpea aphid biotypes present in the major cowpea growing areas in a country. Silage can be made by mixing the green leaves with sorghum or maize. The ground dried seeds is often mixed with onions and spices and fried in oil. PRODUCTION LEVELS South Africa A large producer of cowpeas is small-scale farmers under dryland farming condi-tions. Cowpeas The trading of The primary production area is located between 300 and 1000 mm yr –1 isohyet, … History in Africa Thousands of years ago, the cowpea grew wild across Africa. Information on genetic variability among the existing cowpea genotypes will increase the efficiency of the cowpea improvement. Cowpea seed set aside for sowing or planting In South Africa cowpeas are produced in the North West, Limpopo, KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces. The aim of this study was to evaluate 97 newly introduced cowpea germplasm for adaptation and yield parameters. Niger is the main exporter of cowpeas and Nigeria the main importer. Made in South Africa Cowpea Directory - Offering Wholesale South African Cowpea from South Africa Cowpea Manufacturers, Suppliers and Distributors at TradeKey.com Cowpea is an important grain legume in South Africa after groundnuts and dry beans (Asiwe, 2009). Cowpea, popularly known as blackeye pea, is an important grain legume in South Africa and many parts of Sub-Saharan Africa. Similar findings were reported by Kimiti et al. Asiwe also found out that the area under cowpea was between 0.25 and 2.0 ha per farmer in a survey among cowpea farmers in South Africa. Production Data. Production of legumes under dryland conditions in South Africa Although local soybean, dry bean, groundnut and cowpea are widely adapted, they show preferences to specific soil and climatic conditions and will do better on deep and well-drained soils. Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) is a legume crop widely grown in West Africa, where the regional cowpea production accounts for more than 80 % of the global cowpea production.Famers traditionally cultivate cowpea as a low-cost and high-quality protein source and as a major cash crop. Cowpea silage is made by using cowpea leaves mixed with the green leaves of maize or sorghum and then compacting the green matter, covering it with plastic and weighing it down to make it airtight. Migration Across the World It is a subsistence crop, often intercropped with sorghum, maize and pearl millet. Production. Recent studies have provided further evidence that West Africa was the primary centre of domestication. Local farmers who cut and store cowpea fodder during the dry season can make as much as 25% of their annual income by selling it as fodder. The leaves and growth points can be picked and used as a vegetable dish similar to spinach, but it can also be dried and used as a protein substitute. Aphids ( Aphis craccivora Koch) are an important vegetative stage pest of cowpea in Africa. It originated and was domesticated in Southern Africa and was later moved to East and West Africa and Asia. Yearly. therefore has a beneficial effect on the follow-up crop. The aboveground plant parts of cowpea, except the pods, are utilised as animal fodder. seeds and processed foods from cowpea provides both urban and rural The leaves and growth points can be picked and used as a vegetable dish. Common names: Arikaans: akkerboon, swartbekboon, boontjie, koertjie, dopboontjie; English: cowpea, bachapin bean, black-eye bean or pea, catjang, china pea, cowgram, southern pea; Sepedi: dinawa (plural), monawa, nawa; Shangaan: dinaba, munaoa, tinyawa; Setswana: dinawa, nawa-ea-setswana; Tshivenda: munawa (plant), nawa (fruit); isiZulu: imbumba, indumba, isihlumaya. Millions of african farmers grow cowpea, some two hundred million africans consume cowpea, many, maybe a majority of these … Its seeds, pods and leaves are commonly used as human food. Introduction. The major cowpea producing countries in East Africa include Kenya, Tanzania, South Sudan, and Uganda (USAID, 2010). Cultivated cowpea in South Sudan and Africa at large is a single species, but the varietal requirements in terms of plant type, seed type, maturity and usage are extremely diverse from region Eating Cowpeas Cowpeas can be cooked or either steamed after soaking in water overnight. especially for Africa, than cowpea,” says Christian Fatokun (IITA 2010). Depending on the variety used, cowpeas may be climbing and erect (such as Dr Saunders) or creeping (such as Bechuana White). In East Africa, cultivated cowpeas are a source of vegetables and grains for human consumption. Production of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) in South Africa is limited The Sahel region also contains other major producers such as Burkina Faso, Ghana, Senegal, and Mali. It is a protein-rich bean crop which leaves nitrogen in the soil so it benefits the follow-up crop. FAO (FAO Code: 0195 - Cow peas, dry) Production. It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. The green seeds are sometimes roasted like peanuts, ground and then used as a substitute for coffee. Silage is preserved animals feeds, ideal for use during droughts. Cowpea production in South Africa is fairly minor when compared to other African countries (FAOSTAT 2004). It is also known as dinawe (Ndebele), dinaba opportunities for earning regular income. The best feeding value for animals can be obtained in stands where cowpeas were intercropped with maize. Cowpea is a legume that is extensively grown throughout sub-Saharan Africa. It originated and was domesticated in Southern Africa and was later moved to East and West Africa and Asia. The cowpeas that have been utilized across the region include both the landraces and improved varieties (Mamiro, 2011). 3. the aboveground plant parts of Most cowpeas are grown on the African continent, particularly in Nigeria and Niger, which account for 66% of world cowpea production. Others believe that it originated from Southern Africa. 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